Barein flag Barein: Contexto político-econômico

Valores de comércio do Barein

Foreign Trade in Figures

Bahrain's market constitutes one of the most diversified economies in the region. The country is very open to foreign trade, which accounted for 140% of the GDP in 2020 (World Bank, 2023). Petrochemical products account for over 60% of Bahraini exports, a share that is relatively low compared to the rest of the region. Bahrain has a strong steel and aluminium industry, accounting for up to 23.6% of exports. Petroleum products also account for the largest item of imports (30%), mainly crude oil imports from Saudi Arabia, followed by machineries, electrical and electronic equipment and cars and other vehicles.

Saudi Arabia is the top destination for Bahraini exports (17%), followed by the United Arab Emirates (9%), the United States (6%) and Oman (4.1%). Saudi Arabia was also the main supplier in 2021 (24% of total imports), followed by China (11.3%), Australia (5.7%) and the United Arab Emirates with 5.3% (Trade Economics, 2022).

Bahrain recorded a trade deficit of BD155 million (411.26 million USD) during 2022 compared to a deficit of BD643 million for the previous year (Zawya, 2023). Bahrain exports of goods stood at 22.36 billion USD in 2021, while imports increased from 12.68 billion USD to 14.18 billion USD in 2021 according to data from WTO. Exports of services increased to 13.22 billion USD in 2021, whereas imports of services increased to 10.28 billion USD (WTO, 2023).

The value of exports of Bahrain origin products increased 24%, reaching BD4.967 billion (13.18 billion USD) during 2022, compared to BD3.994 billion in the previous year. The value of imports into Bahrain increased 10% in 2022, reaching BD5.842 billion (15.5 billion USD), compared to BD5.316 billion for the previous year (Zawya, 2023).

 
Foreign Trade Values 20172018201920202021
Imports of Goods (million USD) 10,85014,87113,25612,68314,188
Exports of Goods (million USD) 15,37618,04418,12014,06622,369
Imports of Services (million USD) 7,8008,0778,0839,26310,289
Exports of Services (million USD) 11,35612,24911,77611,46813,225

Source: World Trade Organisation (WTO) ; Latest available data

Foreign Trade Indicators 20162017201820192020
Foreign Trade (in % of GDP) 139.6143.1150.8141.7139.8
Trade Balance (million USD) -804-700-1,066n/an/a
Trade Balance (Including Service) (million USD) 2,6942,8562,910n/an/a
Imports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) -3.27.65.7-5.6-0.7
Exports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) -2.83.73.30.4-2.5
Imports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) 65.467.371.665.267.1
Exports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) 74.275.879.376.572.7

Source: World Bank ; Latest available data

Foreign Trade Forecasts 20222023 (e)2024 (e)2025 (e)2026 (e)
Volume of exports of goods and services (Annual % change) -9.56.92.82.21.2
Volume of imports of goods and services (Annual % change) 0.63.81.41.51.5

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook ; Latest available data

Note: (e) Estimated Data

 
International Economic Cooperation
Member of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

Member of Arab League.

The country is also part of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA), a pact of the Arab League entered into force in January 2005 which aims to form an Arabic free trade area.

 

Main Partner Countries

Main Customers
(% of Exports)
2019
Saudi Arabia 14.3%
United Arab Emirates 10.1%
United States 5.6%
Oman 3.1%
Egypt 2.7%
See More Countries 64.2%
Main Suppliers
(% of Imports)
2019
Saudi Arabia 33.7%
China 11.1%
Australia 5.0%
United Arab Emirates 5.0%
Brazil 4.6%
See More Countries 40.6%

Source: Comtrade, 2022. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.

 
 

Main Products

11.6 bn USD of products exported in 2020
Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous...Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals (excl. crude); preparations containing >= 70% by weight of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals, these oils being the basic constituents of the preparations, n.e.s.; waste oils containing mainly petroleum or bituminous minerals 29.8%
Unwrought aluminiumUnwrought aluminium 17.1%
Iron ores and concentrates, incl. roasted iron...Iron ores and concentrates, incl. roasted iron pyrites 7.0%
Aluminium wire (excl. stranded wire, cables,...Aluminium wire (excl. stranded wire, cables, plaited bands and the like and other articles of heading 7614, electrically insulated wires, and strings for musical instruments) 4.0%
Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally...Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport of persons, incl. station wagons and racing cars (excl. motor vehicles of heading 8702) 2.8%
See More Products 39.3%
15.5 bn USD of products imported in 2020
Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous...Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude 18.0%
Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically...Artificial corundum, whether or not chemically defined; aluminium oxide; aluminium hydroxide 5.7%
Iron ores and concentrates, incl. roasted iron...Iron ores and concentrates, incl. roasted iron pyrites 5.1%
Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally...Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport of persons, incl. station wagons and racing cars (excl. motor vehicles of heading 8702) 4.9%
Telephone sets, incl. telephones for cellular...Telephone sets, incl. telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks; other apparatus for the transmission or reception of voice, images or other data, incl. apparatus for communication in a wired or wireless network [such as a local or wide area network]; parts thereof (excl. than transmission or reception apparatus of heading 8443, 8525, 8527 or 8528) 2.3%
See More Products 64.1%

Source: Comtrade, 2022. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.

 
 

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